Nature Environment and Pollution Technology

Swati R. Bipte ¹, Padmini S. Parmar ¹, M. Musaddiq ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Shri Shivaji College, Akola-444 001, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

The present study reports the identification of pesticide resistant isolates i.e., E. coli, Azotobacter sp., Rhizobium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis, which are capable of utilizing the pesticides Fipronil and Imidacloprid as a sources of carbon. Utilization of these harmful chemical compounds by soil microorganisms is a crucial phenomenon by which these compounds are removed from the environment, thus preventing environmental pollution. Results from the present study showed that the isolates such as P. aeruginosa, E. coli, B. subtilis, Azotobacter sp. and Rhizobium species are able of growing in a medium in presence of added pesticides and may, therefore, be used for bioremediation of pesticide contaminated soil.

Keywords

Pesticide Resistant Bacteria, Fipronil, Imidacloprid, Agricultural Soil.

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S. D. Chavan ¹, N. S. Kulkarni ², M. Musaddiq ¹

Affiliations
1 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Shri Shivaji College, Akola, Maharashtra, IN
2 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Aryan College, Washim-444 505, IN

Abstract

Altered environmental conditions have resulted in increased likelihood of pathogen transmission to humans. Amongst the infectious diseases, food-borne diseases are the most serious health problems affecting public health. Vegetables and fruit vegetables (salad ingredients) are frequently identified as a potential source of infection due to its unhygienic cultivation practices. The inner tissues of fruits and vegetables are considered to be sterile. However, bacterial endophytes are known to reside in wide range of plant tissues. Hence, with the view of possible isolation of bacterial endophytic human pathogens in tomato fruit have been investigated geophonically. All the experimental plant units from sowing to seedling level were challenged with pure culture of Salmonella @ 10¹⁸/mL and were analysed for the presence of Salmonella species at 7^th day after sowing (DAS) up to fruiting stage. The study revealed presence of Salmonella species at 21^st DAS in all the plants analysed, viz., leaf, stem and fruits which indicates that the tomato as salad ingredient may act as an occulant source of enteric infection.

Keywords

Food-Borne Pathogens, Pathogenic Endophytes, Salmonella, Lycopersicon esculentum, Inner Tissue of Tomato, Geophonics.

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D. R. Paraskar ¹, V. D. Nanoty ², M. Musaddiq ¹

Affiliations
1 P.G. Department of Microbiology, Shri Shivaji College, Akola-444 001, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Microbiology, Shri R.L.T. College of Science, Akola-444 001, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

After introduction of chemical fertilizers in the last century, there is increased yield in agriculture in the beginning, but slowly they started displaying their ill-effects such as leaching out and polluting water basins, destroying microorganisms and friendly insects, increased salinity, reduced soil fertility, and making the crops more susceptible to the attack of diseases leading to damage of overall system, which is irreparable. Thus, to overcome this problem, it is necessary to find out alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Keeping this view in mind, the present work was undertaken to develop 'microbial inoculants' or 'biofertilizers'. Biological nitrogen fixation offers an attractive and ecologically sound route for augmenting nutrient supply. Hence, biofertilizers are environmental and ecofriendly renewable resources. In present work, total 30 soil samples from different regions of Akola district were analysed for isolation of Rhizobium. Bioinoculant was prepared after isolation of maximum strains of Rhizobium. Its application was studied in pot experiments with soyabean seeds to visualize growth of soyabean plants along with its nodulation eff iciency. After 2-3 months, it was observed that isolated strains have maximum nodulation efficiency as compared to control. Rhizobacterial inoculants were capable of forming ischolar_main nodules in most leguminous plants. Thus, development of Rhizobium as biofertilizer contribute to increasing crop productivity through increased biological nitrogen fixation.

Keywords

Biofertilizers, Rhizobium japonicum, Microbial Inoculants, Nitrogen Fixation.

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Padmini S. Parmar ¹, M. Musaddiq ¹

Affiliations
1 P.G. Deptt. of Microbiology, Shri Shivaji Arts Commerce & Science College, Akola-444 001, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Outbreaks of enteric fever have been reported from different parts of India. Increasing population of India and unhygienic methods of handling food-stuffs, improper eating life style and unsatisfactory purification of water supply led to increased chances of microbial infections. Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella species which covers wide spectrum of diseases. Salmonella are strict parasites of animals and humans. Infections of Salmonellae include enteric fever, septicaemia, gastroenteritis and food poisoning. Typhoid fever, which was once prevalent all over the world, has been virtually eliminated from the advanced countries, but still is a problem in developing countries leading to epidemics. Considering the unsatisfactory and unsustainable hygienic conditions, especially in rural areas of Akola, the present work has been carried out. Salmonella spp. were isolated from drinking water, milk and food samples from urban and sub-urban areas of Akola during rainy season and their prevalence was studied.

Keywords

Salmonellosis, Salmonella spp, Enteric Fever, Akola City.

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